Steam-boiles furnace



F. J. CROLIUS Feb. 5 1924.

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F. J. CROLIUS STEAM BOILER FURNAGE Filed Jan. 14 )922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2Patented Feb. 5, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK J. CROLIUS, OF MUNHALL, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-BOILER FURNACE.

Application filed January 14, 1922.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK J. CROLIUS, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and resident of Munhall, in the County of Allegheny and b'tateof Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inSteam-Boiler Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to boiler furnaces and more particularly to thecombustion chamber of such furnaces, and has for its object -theprovision of a novel form of combusti-on chamber adapted particularly toburning powdered, liquid, or gaseous fuels.

Another object is to rovide a combustion chamber that will provide forcomplete com bustion of the fuel, thus eliminating the loss of fuelcaused by partial combustion.

Another object is to so locate the air drafts in the combustion chamberthat they will aid in driving the products of combustion up around theboiler tubes.

A still further object is to provide a boiler furnace having the noveldesign and combination of parts illustrated in the accompanying drawingsand described in the followmg specification.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of the forwardportion of a boiler furnace having my invention applied thereto.

Figure 2 is a front elevation of the combustion chamber, of the furnaceof Figure 1, partly in section.

Referring more particularly to the drawings the numeral 2 designates`the main combustion chamber as a whole, which is built forward of theboiler and is formed by a bottom wall 3, side walls 4, 4, front wall 5,back wall 6, and top wall 7.

The bot-tom wall is formed with its forward portion fiat or parallelwith the horizontal axis of the chamber and with its rear portioninclined upwardly and joining the back wall 6 which terminates short ofthe boiler tubes 8 and forms a fire wall or battle w-all for theproducts of combustion.

The side walls 4, 4 are flat vertical walls which close the sides of thecombustion chamber and extend rearwardly and upwardly so as to close thesides of the whole furnace.

The front wall 5 is a vertical wall which extends upwardly to a pointbelow the lower edge of the forward end of the boiler tubes 8 and servesto support the forward edge of Serial No. 529.294,

the top wall 7. The ltop wall 7 is of the flat suspended type andcomprises main supporting girders 9 which extend across the chamber fromone side wall to `the other and support brick suspending girders 10which engge the bricks 12 forming the atop wall. A

iler supporting wall 13 is built along the rear edge of the top wall '7and serves to support the boiler tubes 8.

The top wall 7 is provided with comparatively long narrow sub-combustionchambers 14 in which partial combustion of the fuel entering the mainchambers 2 takes place. The chambers 14 project above'the top wall 7 andhave their front and rear walls 15 and 16 built on opposite angles so asto form a downwardly flaring chamber. The end walls 17 of the chambers14 `are vertical and the top walls 18 are flat.

The top walls 18 of the sub-,chambers 14 are apertured to receive thecontracted discharge port or nozzle 19 of combined fuel and Iairconduits 20, through which powdered, gaseous or liquid fuel may besupplied mixed with air under pressure.

The fuel supplied by the conduits 20 to the sub-chambers 14 will bepartly consumed or burned as it enters the sub-chambers, and the partlyburned mass will be directed or forced vertically downwardly through themain chamber 2.

A plurality of horizontal air ports 21 are formed in the front wall 5vof the main chamber and are adapted to admit jets of air, suflicient tosupport complete combustion, at right angles to the flow of the fuelfrom the sub-chambers 14 thus thoroughly mixing with the fuel and alsoserving to force the products of combustion rearwardly against theboiler tubes.

It will be readily seen that with a furnace constructed as abovedescribed, the incoming fuel is delivered into combustion chambershaving a constantly increasing 1 area. Therefore its velocity will bereduced below entering velocity, and due to the rectangular shape of thecombustion chambers, no vortex will result from the flow of air or fuel.

The operation of my improved furnace is an follows- The combined mixtureof air and fuel will be forced through the nozzles 19 of conduits 20under pressure, into the sub-chambers 14 where the mixture will suddenlyexpand due to increased area of the chamber, and

ignite, being partially combusted or burned. After the furnace has beenfired for a short time, the brick walls of the chamber l/l will becomevery hot, in fact will reach a glowing or incandescent heat, and thusaid in igniting the incoming fuel mixture. The fuel mixture which hasbeen partially combusted in the sub-chambers 14 will be forceddownwardly through the main combustion chamber 2, due to its enteringpressure, until it strikes the horizontal or fiat portion of the bottomwall 3, then due to the flue draft and the force of the inrushing airfrom the air ports 21 in the front wall 5 it will be carried backagainst `the fire or baffle wall 6. The inrushing air from the ports 21will ybe sufficient to support complete combustion `of the fuel, and dueto its flow being at right angles to the flow of fuel from the chamber14 it will be thoroughly mixed therewith. The wall 6 will become highlyheated during the operation of the furnace, and as the flame 4orproducts `of combustion are driven against this wall, .any unburned fuelparticles will be caused to ignite and burn, so that all the fuel willbe burned before the products of combustion pass out of the chamber 2into the furnace proper and around the boiler tubes.

While I have shown and described only one preferred form of my'invention, various modifications may be made without departin from thescope of my invention as define .in the appended claims.

I claiml. A boiler furnace comprising a-main combustion chamber havingfront, side, top and bottom walls, and a back wall terminati ing shortofthe boiler tubes, a sub-combustion chamber formed in the top wallofsaid combustion chamber, said sub-chamber having downwardly andoutwardly diverging side walls, a combined air and fuel inlet enteringthe upper end of said sub-chamber,

' said combined air and fuel inlet being adapted to direct a mixture ofair and fuel through said sub-chamber and downwardly on a ver tical linewithin said main combustion chamber, said diverging side walls of saidsubchamber bein adapted to become incandescent due to t e combustion ofthe air and fuel mixture within said sub-chamber, and said air and fuelmixture being adapted to expand within said sub-chamber and sweep oversaid incandescentr surfaces, and a plurality of air inlets formed insaid front wall adapted to direct air into said main combustion chamberat right angles to the flow yof partially combusted fuel from saidsubecombustion chamber.

2. The combination with a boilerl furnace provided with a maincombustion chamber having a flat top wall, of a sub-combustion chamberformed in said top wall, saidsubcombustionchamber having downwardly andoutwardly diverging side walls forming a downwardly Haring chamber, anda combined air and fuel inlet at the top of said chamber adapted todeliver a mixture ofy fuel and air, which mixture will expand as itpasses through said sub-combustion chamber and sweep over said divergingsidewalls.

3. A boiler furnace comprising a main combustion chamber having front,side, top and bottom walls, and a back wall terminating short of theboiler tubes, a plurality of sub-combustion chambers formed injthe topwall of said main combustion chamber, each of said sub-combustionchambers yhaving downwardly and outwardly directed side walls, acombined air and gas inlet entering the upper end of said chamber, saidcombined air and gas inlets being adapted to direct the gas and airthrough said subchambers where it will be partially burned, anddownwardly on a vertical line through said main combustion chamber, saiddiverging side walls of said sub-chamber being adapted to become heateddue to the burning of said air and gas mixture within said sub-chamber.and said air and gas mixture being `adapted to expand within saidsub-chamber and sweep over said heated side walls, and a plurality ofhorizontal air inlets formed in said front wall of said main combustionchamber adapted to direct air into said main cham-` FREDERICK J.CROLIUS.

